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俄罗斯2011年首日实寄封(片)欣赏

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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-1 13:58:05 | 显示全部楼层
2011年4月20日——俄罗斯慈善家А.Л. Штиглиц

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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-10 12:48:18 | 显示全部楼层
2011年4月20日发行——英雄的城市-续


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发表于 2011-5-10 15:10:07 | 显示全部楼层
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         请问英雄的城市?是列宁格勒(彼得堡)还是莫斯科?或是 . . . . . .
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-10 21:08:24 | 显示全部楼层
kaili 发表于 2011-5-10 10:10
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俄罗斯二战英雄城市很多,这里并不专指莫斯科和圣彼得堡,俄罗斯邮电部为纪念二战胜利暨(苏联)卫国战争胜利65周年根据俄罗斯总统第1345号令颁布的英雄城市名单自2009年开始连续3年发行了3枚小全张计16个城市,分别是:
2009年5枚+1枚附票5个城市:
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别尔哥罗德、库尔斯克、奥廖尔、北极城(Polyarnyi)、热泽夫

2010年5枚+1枚附票5个城市:
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Malgobek、Elnya、Elets、沃罗涅日、卢加


2011年6枚6个城市:
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维堡、罗斯托夫、图阿普谢、弗拉季高加索、诺夫哥罗德、大卢加、
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-10 22:55:14 | 显示全部楼层
City of Military Glory (Russian: «Город воинской славы») is an honorary title bestowed upon the citizenry of Russian cities, where soldiers had displayed courage and heroism during the Great Patriotic War.[1] The award, which to date has been bestowed upon 27 cities, is similar to the Hero City title awarded during the Soviet-era, and no city has yet received both awards.
After being accepted by the State Duma on April 14, 2006, and approved by the Federation Council on April 26, 2006, the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin signed into law the federal law On the Honorary Title of the Russian Federation “City of Military Glory” on May 9, 2006.
On the eve of Victory Day in 2009, at the ceremony conferring “City of Military Glory” status upon Vyazma, Kronstadt and Naro-Fominsk at the Moscow Kremlin, the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev stated:
What distinguishes human beings from the other inhabitants of this planet is that they have a soul and they have memory. What is happening today pays tribute to this memory, and it also indicates our assessment of our past, and our plans for the future.
A lot is being said now about the price we paid for victory, and about the lessons of the Great Patriotic War. I too spoke about this, yesterday, and again today.
Of course we must make every effort to ensure that the memory of these glorious pages of our history is never erased. It must remain an integral part of our daily life. The knowledge of our countrymen’s feats, of the part our country played in the Second World War, must be handed down from generation to generation, so that no one will attempt to distort history and create new myths in the name of achieving various political objectives.
I think that this is the main sense of the ceremony taking place in the Kremlin today.
Cities which have had the status conferred upon them have a monument erected which shows the city’s coat of arms along with the text from the Presidential ukaz, and on Defender of the Fatherland Day, Victory Day and the city's day, public commemorations and celebratory salutes take place
Cities of Military Glory
Arkhangelsk

Ceremony on January 12, 2010 for the bestowing of the honorary title of City of Military Glory on Arkhangelsk.
During World War II, Arkhangelsk, along with Murmansk, were at the forefront of efforts to keep Allied supply lines open to the Soviet Union what became known as the Arctic Convoys. In all, 42 convoys delivered some 16 million tons of military supplies to Arkhangelsk, with the loss of many ships.
Arkhangelsk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on December 5, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”. A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on January 12, 2010 at which the city was represented by the Mayor of Arkhangelsk, Viktor Pavlenko, and World War II veteran Serafim Nesmelov.At the ceremony Dmitry Medvedev noted that Arkhangelsk, which was founded by Ivan the Terrible has always been a forward area of national defence for Russia, and had contributed to the success of Peter the Great in the Great Northern War, and the sailors of the White Sea Flotilla contributed to the defence of the northern borders of the Soviet Union during World War II.
Belgorod
Belgorod was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on April 27, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Bryansk
During the Great Patriotic War, Bryansk was occupied by troops of Nazi Germany from 6 October 1941 to 17 September 1943.[2] The city which was extremely damaged was the scene of battles led by approximately 60,000 Soviet partisans, who fought Nazi troops in the forests of the city. In all, the partisans killed some 100,000 Nazi troops, derailed almost 1,000 trains, and destroyed hundreds of bridges and hundreds of kilometres of railway tracks. Twelve partisans who fought in Bryansk were later honoured as Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Bryansk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on March 25, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.[11] A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on May 4, 2010 at which the city was represented by the Head of City, Nikolai Patov, and Chairman of the Regional Committee for War Veterans and Military Services, Dmitry Mitchenkov.[12] At the ceremony Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev stated “Leo Tolstoy once remarked that a people who can engage in all-out guerrilla warfare during a conflict is invincible, and the Bryansk partisan movement confirmed the truth of this”.
Dmitrov
Dmitrov, some 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Moscow, was the scene of fierce battles during the Great Patriotic War in 1941 and was one of the sites that the Red Army was able to stop Wehrmacht troops from advancing to Moscow during the Battle of Moscow.[1] The city was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on October 28, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Kalach-na-Donu
Kalach-na-Donu, located 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Volgograd, was the scene of heavy fighting between Soviet troops and troops of the Nazi 6th Army under the command of Friedrich Paulus. Battles intensified in July 1942, and the standoff between the two armies lasted until 31 August 1942. In November 1942, Soviet troops to the southwest of the city, and troops from the Stalingrad fronts, met in the southwest of the town and eventually encircling Nazi troops near Stalingrad. In all, some 54,000 Soviet troops were killed in battles in the area of the city, and 454 Soviet aviators were killed in dog fights above the city.
Kalach-na-Donu was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on March 25, 2010, for "courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland".[15] A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on May 4, 2010 at which the city was represented by the Head of the Municipal Administration, Vladimir Krishtal, and honorary citizen, Major-General and Professor of the FSB Academy, Yevgeny Mokhov.
Kozelsk
Kozelsk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on December 5, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Kronstadt
Kronstadt was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on April 27, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Kursk
Kursk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on April 27, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Luga
Luga was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on May 5, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Malgobek
Malgobek was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 8, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland"。
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-10 22:59:36 | 显示全部楼层
Nalchik
Nalchik, the capital of the Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (now the Kabardino-Balkar Republic), was occupied by Nazi German troops on October 28, 1942. For two months, Soviet troops of the Transcaucasian Front were able to prevent German troops from crossing the Baksan River in an attempt to take Black Sea ports and oil fields, during which the city was heavily damaged. On January 3, 1943 of the 37th Army liberated the city from German control. Some 4,200 people were killed in the conflict.
Nalchik was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on March 25, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Naro-Fominsk
Naro-Fominsk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on April 27, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Oryol
Oryol was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on April 27, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Polyarny
Polyarny was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on May 5, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Pskov
Pskov was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on December 5, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on May 5 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Rzhev
Rzhev was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 8, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Tikhvin
Tikhvin was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on November 4, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Tuapse
In July 1942, when Sevastopol fell under Nazi German control, Tuapse became the main naval for the supply of Soviet troops in the Black Sea region. In August 1942 in the Tuapse Defensive Operation, part of the overall Battle of the Caucasus, Tuapse was the scene of bloody battles between the two forces, and the city was subjected to relentless bombardment by Nazi troops. The Soviet forces managed to halt Nazi troops 23 kilometres (14 mi) from Tuapse, with the loss of some 100,000 lives, and 25,000 dead on the German side. To this day, bodies are still being found in the region, and in the last 10 years, approximately 4,500 bodies have been found and reburied.
Tuapse was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on May 5, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”. A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on May 6, 2008 at which the city was represented by the Acting Head of the City, Viktor Koshel.
Tver
Tver was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on November 4, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Velikiye Luki
Velikiye Luki was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on October 28, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on October 28, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Vladikavkaz
The German forces' drive towards oil fields of Grozny and Baku was stopped near Vladikavkaz in the end of 1942.
Vladikavkaz was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 8, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Vladivostok
Vladivostok was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on November 4, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-10 23:00:00 | 显示全部楼层
Volokolamsk
Volokolamsk was the scene of some major battles between Soviet and Nazi troops during the Great Patriotic War, and is where the Panfilovtsy under the command of Ivan Panfilov, and the Katyusha rocket launcher, gained wide recognition.[2][22] Following orders not to give an inch of soil to the invading German troops, the Panfilovtsy held their defensive lines during a month of heavy fighting. With the loss of 13,000 troops, the Soviet forces held the Germans at bay for long enough in order to allow a counter offensive to take place.
Volokolamsk was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on March 25, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.[40] A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on May 4, 2010 at which the city was represented by Head of Volokolamsky District, Vyacheslav Karabanov, and Pavel Osipov, a veteran from World War II. At the ceremony Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev said that the exploits of the Panfilovtsy “became a true symbol of courage and selflessness”.
Voronezh
Voronezh was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on February 16, 2008, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Vyazma
Vyazma in Smolensk Oblast was occupied by Nazi German forces on October 7, 1941 after fierce battles with the Red Army. The 19th, 20th, 24th and 32nd Soviet field armies, along with civil guardsmen, holed up large numbers of German troops in their advancement towards Moscow. Vyazma was liberated by the Soviets on March 12, 1943 during the Rzhev-Vyazma operation.
Vyazma was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on April 27, 2009, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland”. A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on 8 May 2009 at which the city was represented by Head of the Vyazemsky Municipal District, Viktor Semeykin.
Vyborg
Before World War II Vyborg (originally Viipuri) was one of the oldest and the second largest city of Finland. It was lost to Soviet Union after Winter War according to Moscow Peace Treaty. At the early stages of Continuation War Finland regained Vyborg essentially without a fight. On June 20 1944, troops led by Marshall Leonid Govorov, as part of the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive broke through the Mannerheim Line, and Vyborg was captured by the Soviet Union again. As a result of the offensive, the Moscow Armistice was signed between Finland and the Soviet Union, and ended the Continuation War. Vyborg remained with Soviet Union. Some 23,500 Soviet troops lost their lives in the attack for Vyborg.
Vyborg was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Dmitriy Anatolyevich Medvedev on March 25, 2010, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.[46] A ceremony was held in the Moscow Kremlin on 4 May 2010 at which the city was represented by the Head of the Administration of Vyborgsky District Konstantin Patrayev.
Yelets
Yelets was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 8, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.
Yelnya
Yelnya was conferred the status of “City of Military Glory” by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on October 8, 2007, for “courage, endurance and mass heroism, exhibited by defenders of the city in the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Motherland”.


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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-13 19:50:04 | 显示全部楼层
2011年4月27日发行——俄罗斯和平基金会50周年


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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-13 19:53:46 | 显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 РОССИЯ 于 2011-5-24 14:47 编辑

2011年4月29日发行——武器的胜利--飞机


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QQ
发表于 2011-5-15 20:53:56 | 显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 谷雨 于 2011-5-15 21:07 编辑

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Malgobek  (Малгобеке ) 马尔戈别克
Elnya ( Ельня )叶利尼亚
Elets (Елец)  叶列茨


莫兹多克—马尔戈别克战役  莫兹多克—马尔戈别克战役(1942)   伟大卫国战争中外高加索方面军北集群在高加索会战(1942—1943)过程中,为击退法西斯德军向莫兹多克—马尔戈别克方向的进攻并粉碎其突入高加索重要石油区的企图,于1942年9月1—28日实施的防御战役。   法西斯德军前出到普罗赫拉德内、莫兹多克、伊谢尔斯卡亚一线后,法西斯德军统帅部打算突破苏军在捷列克河的防御,消灭第9集团军主力,并沿阿尔汉丘尔特谷地向格罗兹尼、马哈奇卡拉发展进攻。为达此目的,德军调用了“A”集团军群的坦克第1集团军所辖3个坦克师和3个步兵师,其中1个坦克师和1个步兵师向纳尔奇克方向行动,2个坦克师和2个步兵师则集中于实施主要突击的马尔戈别克方向。北集群(司令为H.H.马斯连尼科夫中将)第一梯队有纳尔奇克方向第37集团军和马尔戈别克方向第9集团军。两集团军受领的任务,是以顽强的防御阻止敌人在各自方向上突破。空军第4集团军支援地面军队的行动。   至9月1日前,在北集群地带,除坦克和飞机外,总的兵力对比有利于苏军。但是北集群首长却沿整个正面平分了兵力,特别是炮兵。所以,敌军在选定的主要突击方向上占有优势:火炮多5倍,坦克多3倍。北集群共有2,356门火炮和追击炮,但在防御战役第一阶段仅有237门在马尔戈别克方向行动。   8月31日夜间,敌在莫兹多克以东实施了引诱突击。翌晨,敌军突击集团在航空兵和猛烈炮火支援下,开始在莫兹多克以南强渡捷列克河。第9集团军的部队和兵团进行了激烈战斗,使敌遭受重大损失;许多居民地几度易手。敌人集中了4个师和200辆坦克对付第9集团军的1个步兵师和2个步兵旅,得以强渡捷列克河,并楔入苏军防御纵深近12公里。一些部队和兵团从预备队和未受冲击地段调至突破地域。9月3日,敌被开到的近卫步兵第11军各兵团向北方向击退9公里。空军第4集团军给了北集群地面军队积极支援。仅9月6日一天,为突击在普列德莫斯特内、基兹利亚尔斯科耶地域集结的敌步兵和坦克,就出动飞机460架次。然而,敌人并没有放弃突入阿尔汉丘尔特谷地的企图。为加强莫兹多克集团,敌将党卫“维金人”摩托化师从图阿普谢方向抽调到莫兹多克地域。敌人以重大损失的代价迫使第9集团军的部队后退,并于9月29日前夺取了捷列克、普拉诺夫斯科耶、伊拉里奥诺夫卡。但在此地段,敌人未取得战役胜利,被迫转入了防御。由于苏军不断增强抵抗,以及法西斯军队在莫兹多克、马尔戈别克、埃利霍托沃地域紧张战斗中遭受巨大损失,使希特勒统帅部不得不放弃向格罗兹尼方向的进攻。预备队的广泛机动,各兵种的密切协同,以及部队和兵团不间断的党政工作所培养的苏联军人集体英雄主义,都起了重要作用。   在莫兹多克—马尔戈别克战役过程中,法西斯德军统帅部未能以预备队加强“A”集团军群,因其预备队必须用于斯大林格勒附近,敌军在那里仍图攻占该市。同时,敌人也不可能削弱“A”集团军群和抽调其加强进攻斯大林格勒的“B”集团军群。这样,莫兹多克—马尔戈别克战役的进程和结局,对打破敌人夺取格罗兹尼和巴库两石油区的计划,以及对高加索会战的进程都产生了重大影响。   莫兹多克-马尔戈别克战役1942.9.1-9.28   参战兵力9,37集团军;约10万人,装备坦克100多,火炮2300多   苏军称歼敌近万,击毁敌坦克53   苏军损失近万
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发表于 2011-5-15 21:09:37 | 显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 谷雨 于 2011-5-15 21:10 编辑

中线战斗——叶利尼亚战役(1941年)
      伟大卫国战争中预备队方面军第24集团军在斯摩棱斯克交战1941过程中为消除叶利尼亚突出部,于1941年8月30日一9月8日实施的进攻战役。

  由于德军坦克第2集群在斯摩棱斯克以南突破并于7月19日夺取了叶利尼亚,敌人建立了一个重要的、坚固筑垒的基地,并计划从该基地重新向莫斯科进攻。第24集团军(司令为K.H.拉库京少将)受领任务,对叶利尼亚突出部的根部实施相向突击以围歼敌军叶利尼亚集团,尔后继续向西进攻。8月,该集团军数次转入进攻,均未完成所受领的任务。然而敌人遭到惨重损失。从8月22—29日,第24集团军变更了兵力部署,并进行了新的战役准备。该集团军加强了3个师;共有10个师参加叶利尼亚战役。它仅在炮兵上对敌占优势(多0.6倍)。8月30日,集团军转入进攻,突破了敌人防御。集团军南、北两个突击集团击退强大的反冲击后,至9月4日前深远包围了防守突出部的法西斯德军。敌人在被合围的威胁下开始从叶利尼亚地域退却。9月5日,在中央进攻的步兵第19师突入叶利尼亚,会同友邻各兵团于9月6日凌晨解放该市。集团军追击敌人,向西前进25公里,9月8日进抵法西斯德军沿乌斯特罗姆河、斯特里亚纳河预先构筑的防御地区,在此遇到了有组织的抵抗。只是因为坦克和飞机不足,才未能合围并全歼敌军叶利尼亚集团。

  在叶利尼亚战役过程中,第24集团军重创敌人2个坦克师、1个摩托化师、7个步兵师,消除了叶利尼亚突出部。西方面军第16、第20集团军在斯摩棱斯克方向和预备队方面军第43集团军在罗斯拉夫利方向的进攻行动,有利于第24集团军取得胜利。叶利尼亚战役是伟大卫国战争中苏军最初几次进攻战役之一,苏军在这次战役中突破了敌军的坚固防御,击溃了敌军集团,解放了大片国土。党政工作对战役的顺利实施起了巨大作用。这项工作是针对军队在敌人占有兵力兵器总优势的条件下由防御转为进攻的情况下进行的。采取两面包围来合围敌人是这次战役的一个特点。参加战役的军队表现了非凡的勇敢。第24集团军步兵第100、第127师由于全体人员在防御中坚韧不拔,在进攻中坚决果敢,并表现了高度纪律性和集体英雄主义,最先荣获“近卫军”称号(分别被命名为近卫步兵第1、第2师)。

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发表于 2011-5-15 21:12:14 | 显示全部楼层
叶列茨战役1941   伟大卫国战争中西南方面军右翼在莫斯科反攻(见莫斯科会战(1941—1942))过程中,于1941年12月6—16日实施的进攻战役。方面军司令、苏联元帅C.K.铁木辛哥的企图是,以第13集团军和O.科斯坚科中将指挥的方面军战役集群,对深入的法西斯德军第2集团军(3个步兵师、1个摩托化师)实施翼侧突击,以围歼敌军集团于叶列茨地域,尔后向西北方向对抵御西方面军左翼的坦克第2集团军后方发展突击。苏军人员比当面敌军集团多0.3倍,而炮兵几乎比敌人少一半,坦克少7/12。决心对尚无预有准备防御的敌军实施出其不意的突击:主要突击以中.凡科斯坚科的方面军战役集群(2个步兵师、3个骑兵师、1个摩托化步兵师、1个坦克旅)从东南面向利夫内总方向对敌军叶列茨—利夫内集团的翼侧和后方实施;辅助突击则以第13集团军突击集群(1个步兵师、1个骑兵师、1个步兵旅、1个坦克旅)从西北对叶列茨迂回实施。12月6日,进攻在辅助方向开始。第13集团军突击集群以其冲击牵制敌人,并将敌注意力从主要突击方向吸引过来。12月7日,方面军战役集群进入交战。该集群克服敌人抵抗后,开始向叶列茨集团后方发展进攻。同日,第13集团军展开了直接夺取叶列茨的战斗。12月9日,步兵第148师部队在航空兵支援下经顽强战斗解放了全城。在争夺叶列茨战斗中,敌人死伤1.2万余人。方面军战役集群各兵团至12月10日前切断了利夫内一叶列茨道路,使敌无路西逃。西南方面军第3集团军和第40集团军一部利用第13集团军和方面军战役集群的战果以及西方面军左翼的进展转入进攻,促进了战役总胜利。第13集团军和方面军战役集群发展进攻,至12月13日前合围了敌34军2个步兵师基本兵力,并于12月16日予以击溃。   叶列茨战役结果,西南方面军右翼挺进80—100公里,进至柳博夫沙以西、巴甫洛夫卡、利夫内,直至克申河以西10—20公里一线,在此为向奥廖尔方向实施进攻战役开始变更部署。苏军在战役期间从敌人手中解放了8,000多平方公里的领土,400个居民地,其中包括叶列茨和叶夫列莫夫两市。在10天进攻中歼敌官兵1.6万人,缴获火炮150门、机枪250挺、汽车700余辆以及其他许多技术装备。方面军不仅消除了叶列茨突出部,重创敌野战第2集团军,而且将坦克第2集团军部分兵力吸引到自己方面,从而给在莫斯科反攻中遂行主要任务的西方面军左翼以极大支援。叶列茨战役的特点是战役准备时间有限。战役是在困难的冬季条件下以较高的速度实施的。党政工作中非常重视向全体人员讲明粉碎莫斯科附近法西斯德军的意义
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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-24 19:50:10 | 显示全部楼层
2011年5月5日发行——欧罗巴——森林


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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-30 20:56:07 | 显示全部楼层
2011年5月16日发行——时钟(第二组)

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 楼主| 发表于 2011-5-31 21:26:43 | 显示全部楼层
2011年5月17日发行——教授核物理学家晓尔金(1911-1968年)诞生100周年
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